避雷器基本原理
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氧化锌避雷器的工作原理：由于氧化锌电阻片具有十分优良的非线性伏安特性，在正常的工作电压下，仅有几百微安的电流通过，当过电压侵入时，流过电阻片的电流迅速增大，将大电流通过阀片泄入地中，限制了过电压的幅值，释放过电压能量，其残压不会超过被保护设备的耐压。当作用电压下降到动作电压以下时，氧化锌电阻片又恢复高阻状态，使电力系统正常工作。https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0238baba827d49c2b5570af08b0f4a8a~tplv-tt-shrink:640:0.image?traceid=202307222310375843146A398D1B2B1DC4&x-expires=2147483647&x-signature=bINLFuHYixwInnyGi9j8zJyOcec%3D
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4.在雷电过电压下动作后无续流（只有微安级电流），所以引入的能量大大减少，具有耐受多重雷击和重复操作冲击过电压的能力，工作寿命长。5.氧化锌电阻片单位面积通流容量大，为碳化硅电阻片的4~4.5倍，可用来限制操作过电压和耐受一定时间的暂时过电压。6.氧化锌阀片性能稳定，当装入SF6组合电器里时，不存在因SF6气压变化引起放电电压变动和间隙中电弧引起SF6分解的问题。7.氧化锌电阻片造于批量生产，造价低廉，尺寸小，节省投资和占地空间。额定电压:允许短时施加到避雷器端子间的最大允许工频电压有效值。在此电压下,避雷器可以成功动作。持续运行电压:允许长时间加在避雷器两端的工频电压有效值。持续运行电压应等于或大于系统的最高工作相电压。在此电压下，避雷器可长期持续运行，不发生热击穿。残压:放电电流通过避雷器时,其端子间所呈现的电压（峰值）。起始动作电压（参考电压）:通常取1mA工频阻性电流峰值或直流幅值时的避雷器端电压峰值（U1mA），定义为起始动作电压。此点大约位于伏安特性曲线上小电流区域上升部分拐入大电流区域平坦部分的转折处，可以认为由该电压开始，避雷器已进入限制过电压的工作区域，故又称为转折电压。能直接反映避雷器的受潮劣化、变质程度。工频耐受伏秒特性:对避雷器施加不同幅值电压与不损坏或不产生崩溃所允许的最长持续时间的关系。是考虑避雷器对工频电压的耐受能力。标称放电电流:侵入变电站的雷电波作用于避雷器时，一般通过避雷器的放电电流峰值不应超过某一数值，这个数值定为标称放电电流。https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ec5fdb61002445bc82be10775bfe31cf~tplv-tt-shrink:640:0.image?traceid=202307222310375843146A398D1B2B1DC4&x-expires=2147483647&x-signature=t0LNjSQPwVCeQK2YJxSt48p4Jl4%3D
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楼主太会说了，字字句句都在理 画面感太强了，仿佛身临其境！ 笑不活了，评论区比正文还精彩
已转发给朋友，一起快乐一下 路过混个脸熟，顺便为优质内容打 call～ 救命！这波发言太秀了，直接原地封神～
疯狂认同！楼主说出了我不敢说的话 占个楼慢慢看，先马克一下
楼主辛苦啦，期待下一篇分享 这波分析到位，逻辑满分！ 水贴也要有仪式感，我先来打卡～ 这逻辑绝了，分析得太到位了吧
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